Luke 13

Repent instead of judging others' tragedies 1
Fruitless fig tree given one more year 6
Woman healed on the Sabbath; Jesus criticized 10
Kingdom of heaven like a mustard seed 18
And like yeast 20
Will many be saved? Many will find the door shut 22
A false warning about Herod 31
Sorrow for Jerusalem; house left desolate 34
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Comments
.1 ¶ There were present at that season some that told him of the Galilaeans, whose blood Pilate had mingled with their sacrifices.
 2  And Jesus answering said unto them, Suppose ye that these Galilaeans were sinners above all the Galilaeans, because they suffered such things?
 3  I tell you, Nay: but, except ye repent, ye shall all likewise perish.
 4  Or those eighteen, upon whom the tower in Siloam fell, and slew them, think ye that they were sinners above all men that dwelt in Jerusalem?
 5  I tell you, Nay: but, except ye repent, ye shall all likewise perish.
  1 - Present Or "arrived." We may understand that they had just seen the massacre.
  1 - Sinners above all? Those who brought the news may have commented on how sinful the people had been to have this happen to them. Compare jb0407, jb0804, jb2205, jn0901. God was thus misrepresented and Jesus helped them understand. Jesus may have limited the comparison to Galilaeans to simplify and clarify the issue. Some probably thought that Galilaeans were lower class.
  3 - Repent Or "keep repenting." Here was the determining factor for eternal life.
.6 ¶ He spake also this parable; A certain man had a fig tree planted in his vineyard; and he came and sought fruit thereon, and found none.
 7  Then said he unto the dresser of his vineyard, Behold, these three years I come seeking fruit on this fig tree, and find none: cut it down; why cumbereth it the ground?
 8  And he answering said unto him, Lord, let it alone this year also, till I shall dig about it, and dung it:
 9  And if it bear fruit, well: and if not, then after that thou shalt cut it down.
  6 - Fig tree ... found none God's mercy has an end ge0603. See is0501ff., mr1112f.
  7 - Why cumbereth it Or "Why is it taking up space?" The Greek adds "also." The problem with the Jewish nation was more than a lack of drawing souls to salvation. It was an obstacle to them. Christ had ministered to the nation now for some three years.
  9 - If it bear fruit The word well is not in the Greek. A sudden break in thought is implied.
.10 ¶ And he was teaching in one of the synagogues on the sabbath.
.11  And, behold, there was a woman which had a spirit of infirmity eighteen years, and was bowed together, and could in no wise lift up herself.
 12  And when Jesus saw her, he called her to him, and said unto her, Woman, thou art loosed from thine infirmity.
 13  And he laid his hands on her: and immediately she was made straight, and glorified God.
.14  And the ruler of the synagogue answered with indignation, because that Jesus had healed on the sabbath day, and said unto the people, There are six days in which men ought to work: in them therefore come and be healed, and not on the sabbath day.
 15  The Lord then answered him, and said, Thou hypocrite, doth not each one of you on the sabbath loose his ox or his ass from the stall, and lead him away to watering?
 16  And ought not this woman, being a daughter of Abraham, whom Satan hath bound, lo, these eighteen years, be loosed from this bond on the sabbath day?
 17  And when he had said these things, all his adversaries were ashamed: and all the people rejoiced for all the glorious things that were done by him.

Mercy would be extended, verse 6.
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  14 - Indignation ... Sabbath The Jews believed that the Sabbath was offered a taste of the olam haba – the world to come. Then the Messiah would reign and there would be no sickness. They did not distinguish between His coming to provide grace through sacrifice and His coming in glory. You can see how His healing would have disproved their ideas about both the kingdom and His identity. Also mt1209.
Illustration © by Harold Munson.
.18 ¶ Then said he, Unto what is the kingdom of God like? and whereunto shall I resemble it?
 19  It is like a grain of mustard seed, which a man took, and cast into his garden; and it grew, and waxed a great tree; and the fowls of the air lodged in the branches of it.
  Mustard seed See on mr0430.
.20  And again he said, Whereunto shall I liken the kingdom of God?
 21  It is like leaven, which a woman took and hid in three measures of meal, till the whole was leavened.
Read beyond the first verse in passages linked to.
.22  And he went through the cities and villages, teaching, and journeying toward Jerusalem.
.23 ¶ Then said one unto him, Lord, are there few that be saved? And he said unto them,
.24  Strive to enter in at the strait gate: for many, I say unto you, will seek to enter in, and shall not be able.
.25  When once the master of the house is risen up, and hath shut to the door, and ye begin to stand without, and to knock at the door, saying, Lord, Lord, open unto us; and he shall answer and say unto you, I know you not whence [from where] ye are:
 26  Then shall ye begin to say, We have eaten and drunk in thy presence, and thou hast taught in our streets.
 27  But he shall say, I tell you, I know you not whence ye are; depart from me, all ye workers of iniquity.
 28  There shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth, when ye shall see Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, and all the prophets, in the kingdom of God, and you yourselves thrust out.
.29  And they shall come from the east, and from the west, and from the north, and from the south, and shall sit down in the kingdom of God.
.30  And, behold, there are last which shall be first, and there are first which shall be last.
  23 - Are there few? Jesus' indirect answer is in the next verse. This point many today seem to miss.
  24 - Strive to enter in Many feel that if we just relax and let God do what He wants, we will be saved. It is true that we must resist the Spirit to be lost ep0430, mt2214, but entering the gate is also an act of the will which requires sacrifice mt1344. Waking the path after we enter requires diligence but is easy mt1128, lu1428.
  25 - Shut the door Human probation will someday end for all living as it does for each one at death re2211, mt2510.
  26 - Taught See on mt0722.
  27 - Depart from me Quoted from ps00608.
  27 - Evildoers Those who are inside are righteous.
.31 ¶ The same day there came certain of the Pharisees, saying unto him, Get thee out, and depart hence: for Herod will kill thee.
 32  And he said unto them, Go ye, and tell that fox, Behold, I cast out devils, and I do cures to day and to morrow, and the third day I shall be perfected.
 33  Nevertheless I must walk to day, and to morrow, and the day following: for it cannot be that a prophet perish out of Jerusalem.
  31 - Same day By reading Jesus' rebuke to the Pharisees (above) you can see how, in their wicked hearts, they would hate Him.
  31 - Get thee out ... Herod will kill Kindness of the Pharisees, or was it? Herod respected Jesus mt1401 and desired to see Him lu2308. He was headed to Jerusalem v33 where it would be difficult to kill Him because many in the city liked Him.
  32 - Perfected Jesus' ministry would be finished soon jn1704, and He would be ready to die on the cross.
.34  O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, which killest the prophets, and stonest them that are sent unto thee; how often would I have gathered thy children together, as a hen doth gather  her brood under her wings, and ye would not!
.35  Behold, your house is left unto you desolate: and verily I say unto you, Ye shall not see me, until the time come when ye shall say, Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord.
  34 - O Jerusalem mt2337, mr1117.
  35 - Desolate He was leaving the temple. He will not be seen in His role of gathering until He comes in glory lu0317, re1415. This means He no longer honored the Jewish ceremonies and that no temple should be built in modern Jerusalem. This had happened earlier la0207.
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