After Moses, Joshua
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¶ Now after the death of Moses the servant of the LORD it came to
pass, that the LORD spake unto Joshua the son of Nun, Moses' minister,
saying,
.2 Moses my servant is dead; now therefore arise, go over this Jordan, thou, and all this people, unto the land which I do give to them, even to the children of Israel. 3 Every place that the sole of your foot shall tread upon, that have I given unto you, as I said unto Moses. .4 From the wilderness and this Lebanon even unto the great river, the river Euphrates, all the land of the Hittites, and unto the great sea toward the going down of the sun, shall be your coast. 5 There shall not any man be able to stand before thee all the days of thy life: as I was with Moses, so I will be with thee: I will not fail thee, nor forsake thee. |
1 -
Now Or "And it came to pass." The same first word translated "And"
appears in nu0701.
This may be seen to imply a continuation of the narrative from Deuteronomy.
So Joshua, the author of the present book, may also have written Deuteronomy.
This would have been after the 30 days of mourning for Moses de3408.
1 - Servant The Hebrew often indicates a person in complete subjection. Compare Paul's chosen relationship to Christ as His servant ro0101, tt0101. 2 - Arise ... over Jordan Joshua received the promises made to Moses de1124,5, de3106-8, de3123. 2 - I do give God is owner of the whole world ps05010. The promise of possession had been given to Abraham and now would be fulfilled. He helps us remember. The Amorites had fully demonstrated their iniquity ge1516-21. Conquest was to be progressive. 3 - Every place ... foot Possession would require effort. The people were unfaithful and God restricted the blessings that He had planned. 4 - Unto the great river 1ki0421. 4 - Hittites See below. 5 - Stand before thee Or "successfully oppose thee." The two Hebrew phrases "fail thee" and "forsake thee" are equivalent. |
| "The Hittites
were an ancient people who spoke an Indo-European language, and established
a kingdom centered at Hattusa (Hittite URU? attuša) in north-central Anatolia
from the 18th century BC. In the 14th century BC, the Hittite empire was
at its height, encompassing central Anatolia, north-western Syria as far
as Ugarit, and upper Mesopotamia. After 1180 BC, the empire disintegrated
into several independent "Neo-Hittite" city-states, some surviving until
as late as the 8th century BC.
"The term "Hittites" is taken from the KJV translation of the Hebrew Bible.... Children of Heth". The archaeologists who discovered the Anatolian Hittites in the 19th century initially identified them with these Biblical Hittites. Today the identification of the Biblical peoples with either the Hattusa-based empire or the Neo-Hittite kingdoms is a matter of dispute.[citation needed] The Hittite kingdom, or at least its core region, was apparently called Land of the Hatti by the Hittites themselves. However, the Hittites should be distinguished from the Hattians, an earlier people who inhabited the same region until the beginning of the 2nd millennium BC, and spoke a non-Indo-European language called Hattic. The Hittites referred to their language as Nesili (or in one case, Kanesili), an adverbial form meaning "in the manner of (Ka)nesa." This presumably reflects their origins in the ancient city of Kanesh (modern day Kultupe, Turkey). Many of the modern city names in Turkey are derived from their original Hittite names." (Wikipedia, May, 2007) |
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Be strong and of a good courage: for unto this people shalt thou divide
for an inheritance the land, which I sware unto their fathers to give them.
7 Only be thou strong and very courageous, that thou mayest observe to do according to all the law, which Moses my servant commanded thee: turn not from it to the right hand or to the left, that thou mayest prosper whithersoever thou goest. 8 This book of the law shall not depart out of thy mouth; but thou shalt meditate therein day and night, that thou mayest observe to do according to all that is written therein: for then thou shalt make thy way prosperous, and then thou shalt have good success. 9 Have not I commanded thee? Be strong and of a good courage; be not afraid, neither be thou dismayed: for the LORD thy God is with thee whithersoever thou goest. |
5-9 "Canaan was theirs by a divine grant; and the renewed confirmation of that grant to Joshua when about to lead the people into it, intimated not only a certain but an easy conquest. It is remarkable, however, that his courage and hope of victory were made to depend ... on his firm and inflexible adherence to the law of God, not only that regarding the extirpation of the Canaanites, but the whole divine code." (JFB). 6 - Courage Equivalent to "faith" he1106. mt1032. 6 - Thou shalt divide The word, "thou" is emphatic in the Hebrew. It may mean, "cause to possess. 7 - Only be thou strong Literally, "Only be strong and very courageous in observing all the instructions [Of the Torah or Books of Moses.]. 7 - Prosper Or "be prudent."
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¶ Then Joshua commanded the officers of the people, saying,
11 Pass through the host, and command the people, saying, Prepare you victuals; for within three days ye shall pass over this Jordan, to go in to possess the land, which the LORD your God giveth you to possess it. .12 And to the Reubenites, and to the Gadites, and to half the tribe of Manasseh, spake Joshua, saying, 13 Remember the word which Moses the servant of the LORD commanded you, saying, The LORD your God hath given you rest, and hath given you this land. |
10 -
Then "And" would translate the same word.
In this case the continuation from verse 9 is clearer.
10 - Officers Or "scribes" who carried out commands. 11 - Victuals Not the manna needed in the desert. They also got food from the Amorintes de0206-28. 11 - Within three days "that is, the third day, according to Hebrew idiom--the time allotted for getting ready before the encampment in Abel-Shittim broke up and they removed to the desert bank of the river where no victuals were available. At the same time Joshua himself convened the two and a half tribes which had settled east of Jordan, to remind them of their promise nu32 to assist their brethren in the conquest of western Canaan." (JFB). |
| 14 Your wives, your
little ones, and your cattle, shall remain in the land which Moses gave
you on this side Jordan; but ye shall pass before your brethren armed,
all the mighty men of valour, and help them;
15 Until the LORD have given your brethren rest, as he hath given you, and they also have possessed the land which the LORD your God giveth them: then ye shall return unto the land of your possession, and enjoy it, which Moses the LORD'S servant gave you on this side Jordan toward the sunrising. |
14 - Armed From chamushim. the meaning uncertain. The word also appears in ex1318 as "harnessed" (margin, "by five in a rank"). Or "officered or marshalled under five leaders in the old and approved caravan order." (JFB). |
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¶ And they answered Joshua, saying, All that thou commandest us we
will do, and whithersoever thou sendest us, we will go.
17 According as we hearkened unto Moses in all things, so will we hearken unto thee: only the LORD thy God be with thee, as he was with Moses. 18 Whosoever he be that doth rebel against thy commandment, and will not hearken unto thy words in all that thou commandest him, he shall be put to death: only be strong and of a good courage. |
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